Red deer persimmon patch

Evolutionary behavioral ecology. Oxford: Oxford University press. The logic of asymmetric contests. Tibbetts EA, Dale J. A socially enforced signal of quality in a paper wasp. Signal function drives phenotypic and genetic diversity: the effects of signaling individual identity, quality or behavioural strategy. Philos Trans R Soc B. Tomkins JL, Hazel W. The status of the conditional evolutionarily stable strategy.

Article PubMed Google Scholar. The roaring of red deer and the evolution of honest advertisement. McComb KE. Roaring by red deer stags advances the date of oestrus in hinds.

Female choice for high roaring in red deer Cervus elaphus. Red deer Cervus elaphus hinds discriminate between the roars of their current harem-holder stag and those of neighbouring stags. Red deer behavior and ecology of two sexes. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press; Antlers honestly advertise sperm production and quality. Proc Soc Roy B. Reby D, McComb K. Anatomical constraints generate honesty: acoustic cues to age and weight in the roars of red deer stags.

Fitch WT, Reby D. The descended larynx is not uniquely human. Proc R Soc B. An introduction to behavioural ecology. Wiley; A new sexual signal in rutting male red deer: age related chemical scent constituents in the belly black spot.

Mammal Bio. Unprecedented high catecholamine production causing hair pigmentation after urinary excretion in red deer. Cell Mol Life Sci. The intensity of male-male competition may affect chemical scent constituents in the dark ventral patch of male Iberian red deer. PLoS One. Integr Zool. Testosterone and the dark ventral patch of male red deer: the role of the social environment. The dark ventral patch: a bimodal flexible trait related to male competition in red deer. Searcy WA, Nowicki S.

The evolution of animal communication: reliability and deception in signalling. Systems Princeton: Princeton University Press; Social costs and development of nuptial coloration in male Psammodromus algirus lizards: an experiment. Carranza J, Valencia J. Red deer females collect on male clumps at mating areas.

Female red deer prefer the roars of larger males. Biol Lett. Rohwer S, Rohwer FC. Status signalling in Harris sparrows: experimental deceptions achieved. Volatile compounds from interdigital gland of male white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus. J Chem Ecol. Putative chemical signals from white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus : social and seasonal effects on urinary volatile excretion in males.

Pheromones in black-tailed deer Odocoileus hemionus columbianus. Briffa M. What determines the duration of war? Insights from assessment strategies in animal contests.

The correlation between subordinate fisheye colour and received attacks: a negative social feedback mechanism for the reduction of aggression during the formation of dominance hierarchies. J Exp Mar Bio Ecol — Ewald PW, Rohwer S. Effects of supplemental feeding on timing of breeding clutch-size and polygyny in red-winged blackbirds Agelaius phoeniceus. J Anim Ecol. Whitfield DP. Plumage variability status signalling and individual recognition in avian flocks.

Agonistic carotenoid signalling in male red-collared widowbirds: aggression related to the colour signal of both the territory owner and model intruder. Olsson M. Rival recognition affects male contest behavior in sand lizards Lacerta agilis. Behav Ecol Sociobiol. Fiery frills: carotenoid-based coloration predicts contest success in frillneck lizards. Simon VB. Communication signal rates predict interaction outcome in the Brown anole lizard Anolis sagrei.

The role of male colouration in the outcome of staged contests in the European common wall lizard Podarcis muralis. Gerald MS. Primate color predicts social status and aggressive outcome.

Caro T The adaptative significance of coloration in mammals. BioScience — West PM, Packer C. Anim Behav — Estes RD The role of the vomeronasal organ in mammalian reproduction. Mammalia — Flehmen in the context of mammalian urine communication. In: Ritter F, editor. Chemical ecology: odour communication in animals. New York: Elsevier North-Holland; Flehmen in male goats: role in sexual behaviour. Behav Neural Biol. Gaughwin MD. The occurrence of flehmen in a marsupial - the hairy-nosed wombat Lasiorhinus latifrons.

The annual cycle of flehmen in black-tailed deer Odocoileus hemionus columbianus. Sexual selection: harem size and the variance in male reproductive success. Am Nat. Geist V. Adaptive behavioural strategies.

Elk of North America: ecology and management. Harrisburg: Stackpole Books; Behavioural estimates of male mating success tested by DNA fingerprinting in a polygynous mammal. Evolution and maintenance of social status signalling badges: experimental manipulations in lizards.

Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University press; Senar JC Color displays as intrasexual signals of aggression and dominance. In bird coloration 2: function and evolution. Harvard University press Cambridge pp 87— Tibbetts EA, Lindsay R. Visual signals of status and rival assessment in Polistes dominulus paper wasps. Manipulating badges of status only fools strangers. Ecol Lett. Carranza J. Defining sexual selection as sex-dependent selection.

Rogers PM, Myers K. Animal distributions landscape classification and wildlife management. Miscelanea Zool. Female attraction by males versus sites in territorial rutting red deer. Ethology — Effects of small barriers on habitat use by red deer: implications for conservation practices.

J Nat Conserv. Disposable-soma senescence mediated by sexual selection in an ungulate. Rainfall decrease and red deer rutting behaviour: weaker and delayed rutting activity though higher opportunity for sexual selection.

Proc R Soc B e Kaiser HF. The application of electronic computers to factor analysis. Educ Psych Meas. Associates Inc Publishers: Hillsdale. Holm S. A simple sequentially rejective multiple test procedure.

Scand J Statisc. J Stat Soft — Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4. Download references. We thank two anonymous reviewers and executive editor for helpful comments. Jose Manuel Seoane kindly allowed us to reproduce his red deer photographs, shown in Fig. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar.

JM and JC supervised and reviewed the manuscript. All authors revised the text and gave final approval for publication. However, this work does not have an implication in animal welfare since the data has been obtained through remote observations of the animals, without any interference or contact with them.

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Each line in the GLMMs columns shows the mean differences and standard errors SE between trait expression, the Z statistic and significance level. The number of times a behaviour was recorded is shown as Obs observed. Protection of privacy. The data are used for the purpose of consultation by the users of the Present Site and of communication to third parties within the context of an information service.

The directory and information services constitute essential tools for accessing the telephone services and they entail the obligation of universal service. These data will be retained until such time as they are updated.

Those persons who have requested an ex-directory telephone number and those who have requested the deletion of their data are not shown on the Present Site. If a natural person has given his or her free and explicit consent for his or her data to be used for direct or indirect marketing purposes , KAPITOL S. Any legal person that can prove its identity is entitled to request the deletion of its data if the request is consistent with the business's legitimate interests.

Requests relating to the data of the persons concerned data subjects whether they be natural or legal persons, shall be submitted by means of one of the following procedures :. It is up to you to contact the owners of the sites concerned directly.

Use of cookies. The Present Site may contain cookies. It retains the trace of the site visited and contains a certain amount of information relating to this visit such as the language used, the display mode mobile or computer and the geographical location of the user.

We also store the IDs of users who have an account and who log into it. Our cookies serve above all to permit the Present Site to function and to produce statistics. The data recorded by means of the cookies are only stored for the duration of the current session except in the case of the data used for statistical purposes.

The policy of these third party entities concerning the use of cookies may be consulted on their own websites. We have implemented appropriate security measures to protect any information received by our site against loss, misuse, deterioration or interference.

Miscellaneous terms. If one of the present terms is declared void, invalid or otherwise unenforceable by a court with jurisdiction, this does not affect the other terms at all. Any objections and disputes of any kind fall within the jurisdiction of the Belgian courts of Brussels. Contact us to discover ways your company can partner with CentreFest to bring an enhanced cultural life to our community.

We need your support! Email Address. Look at the list of people and companies who have stepped up to ensure that this event happens for the community!